Light's Dual Nature
Hard
Have you ever wondered how light can be both a wave and a particle? In this experiment, you'll explore the wave-like behavior of light by using a double slit experiment, also known as Young's experiment. You'll observe the interference of light, which causes the formation of light and dark lines on a screen. You'll also explore the particle properties of light by using photons.
Hypothesis
The hypothesis is that the double slit experiment will prove that light has the properties of waveforms.
Method & Materials
You will set up the experiment by cutting two small slits in a sheet of cardboard and placing it in front of a light source. You will then place a whiteboard at the back to act as the screen. You will then adjust the distance between the light source and the screen so that the diameter of the circle of light that falls on the slits is larger than the slits on the cardboard.
You will need a light source (for example, a laser pointer), two sheets of cardboards 100mm x 100mm in size, a paper cutter, a stack of newspapers, and a white board to act as the screen.
Results
The results of the experiment show that when light passed through the cardboard with only one slit, it was diffracted. When the test was repeated using the cardboard sheet with two slits, light leaving both the holes were diffracted. The diffracted light from the two slits met and "interfered", resulting in the interference pattern of dark and light bands on the whiteboard screen. This proves the wave properties of light.
Why do this project?
This science project is interesting and unique because it allows students to explore the dual nature of light and observe the wave-like behavior of light.
Also Consider
Experiment variations to consider include varying the size of the slits and putting pinholes into the cardboards in different locations.
Full project details
You can find additional information and details for this science fair project here. Have fun exploring!Related videos
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