A tennis ball will bounce fastest on a asphalt tennis court surface.

Tennis court surfaces

A tennis court is the place where tennis games are played. It consists of a rectangular flat surface that is made of either clay, grass or asphalt. Besides these, artificial turf, as well as rubberized surfaces are used for indoor courts. A low net is strung in the middle of the court dividing it into two. Depending on the athlete’s style of playing, the type of court surface played on can influence the game and give one player an advantage over another.
A clay court is made out of crushed stone, shale or brick. It is normally built on a concrete foundation and will have a smooth surface. Tennis ball speeds are normally reduced when they bounce on a clay surface. Long rallies are normally played on clay courts and this gives an advantage to players whose strength is in playing at the baseline.

Playing on a grass court will require fast play. This is because the uneven grass surface will make the ball bounce fast, low and unpredictably. Players whose strengths are in their serve and volleying tend to perform better on a grass court due to erratic and unpredictable ball movement as the ball bounces of the grass surface.Baseline players will be at a disadvantage.

The asphalt court is the most common type of tennis court. The firm, flat and even surface makes it easier to predict the movement of the ball when it bounces off the hard surface. This court is regarded as the most "neutral" court, and most players are able to play well on this type of court (compared to the other types), regardless of their strengths. The US Open is played on hard courts.
 

The hypothesis that a tennis ball will bounce fastest on an asphalt tennis court surface is proven to be correct.

There are four major Grand Slam tennis tournaments each year. They are the US Open, Australian Open, French Open and Wimbledon. Only the French Open is held on a clay court surface. The US Open and the Australian Open are held on hard courts. The Wimbledon Open is held on a grass court. It takes great skill to be able to win all 4 grand slams (and players who win all 4 during their careers are said to have achieved Career Grand Slam). Few players have accomplished this in singles play, including Andre Agassi, Roger Federer, Rafael Nadal, MArtina Navratilova, Steffi Graf and Serena Williams)
 

This science fair project might also be repeated using a a different kind of ball (eg. basketball) instead of a tennis ball.

Try to repeat the experiment in different weather conditions like on a hot afternoon, early morning or after a rainy day as weather conditions do affect how a court surface "performs",