Events

• January 20 - Poland cedes Kyiv, Smolensk, and eastern Ukraine to Russia in the Treaty of Andrusovo that put a final end to the Deluge, and Poland lost its status as a Central European power.
• April 27 - The blind, impoverished John Milton sells the copyright of Paradise Lost for £10.
• June 12-17 - In the Raid on the Medway, a Dutch fleet under admiral Michiel de Ruyter burns Sheerness, sails up the River Medway, raids Chatham dockyards and escapes with the royal barge The Royal Charles.
• June 15 - The first human blood transfusion is administered by Dr. Jean-Baptiste Denys . He transfuses the blood of a sheep to a 15-year old boy. (Though this operation is a success, a later patient dies from the procedure and Denys is accused of murder).
• June 20 – Dutch troops attack Royal Navy ships in London and Chatham and burn them.
• July 31 - Second Anglo-Dutch War ends: The Treaty of Breda ends the war. The treaty also recognizes Acadia as a French possession.
• October 18 - Brooklyn is chartered under the name Brueckelen by Mathias Nicolls , Governor of New Netherlands.
• Suleiman I becomes Shah of Persia.
• The Mogul Emperor Aurangzeb buys off the bandit Shivaji by making him a Rajah and allowing him to collect taxes.
• Robert Hooke demonstrates that the alteration of the blood in the lungs is essential for respiration.
• The War of Devolution begins, France invades Flanders and Franche-Comté.
• Louis XIV of France abolishes the Livre Parisis (Paris Pound) in favor of the much more widely used Livre Tournois (Tours Pound). He also designates Gabriel-Nicolas de la Reynie as first chief of "police" of Paris.
• French army uses grenadiers.

Births

• May 26 - Abraham de Moivre, mathematician
• November 5 - Christoph Ludwig Agricola, German landscape painter
• November 2 - James Sobieski, Crown Prince of Poland
• November 30 - Jonathan Swift
• Antonio Lotti, composer

Deaths

• May 22 - Pope Alexander VII
• August 3 - Francesco Borromini, Swiss baroque sculptor and architect (b. 1599)
• Shah Abbas II of Persia

Heads of states

• France - Louis XIV, King of France (1643-1715)